Generally, there are two methods for modal testing of massive structures like wind turbines, namely experimental modal analysis (EMA) or operational modal analysis (OMA). In this respect, using a modal test as a tool to understand wind turbine (WT) dynamics based on measured data seems very helpful. Finding out or predicting the dynamic behavior can be obtained from creating a finite element model and modal testing. Understanding wind turbine dynamics isĮssential for meeting the requirements (Tittus and Diaz, 2020). Providing economic and reliable wind turbines is the most significantĬhallenge for wind turbine designers. Finally, we found that the updated FEM had less than 1 % error compared to the obtained frequencies from the test. Based on the sensitivity analysis and engineering judgment, the modulus of elasticity was selected as a parameter for updating. The OMA results, under operating and parked conditions, prove some modal characteristics of WTs. The results show that a tailor-made GA is a practical and quick approach to finding the optimal position of the sensors to obtain the best results for the objective modes of the WT. Based on the OMA results, the FEM is updated by applying the sensitivity method. The OMA was performed and the acquired data analyzed using the stochastic subspace identification (SSI) method. The tailor-made genetic algorithm (GA) is used to find the MEMS (micro electro-mechanical system) sensors' optimal positions of the WT under study. ![]() Moreover, the updating of the applicable FEM of the multi-sectional wind turbine tower will be described. ![]() ![]() Then, accordingly, the OMA is used in operating and parked conditions to find the objective bending mode characteristics. This paper aims to show how the OMA of a nonuniform and two-section wind turbine tower can be performed more effectively, using the required test planning and optimal sensor placement. On the other hand, updating the finite element model (FEM) with the OMA results implies a better prediction of the real structure's dynamic and vibrational behavior. Test planning is a crucial step in the operational modal analysis (OMA) of wind turbines (WT), and it is an essential part of choosing the best positions for installing the sensors of the structures.
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